Sounds like documentation issue, with the thought being that the supplied list of objects is already filtered.
On the topic of filtering, is the server-side component capable of array comprehension? Like so:
»Game.creeps[Object.keys(Game.creeps)[0]].pos.findClosest([Game.creeps[Object.keys(Game.creeps)[0]]], {filter: function(e) {console.log('hai'); return false;}}); « [creep Eva] »Game.creeps[Object.keys(Game.creeps)[0]].pos.findClosest([for (creep of Object.keys(Game.creeps)) if (creep !== Object.keys(Game.creeps)[0]) Game.creeps[creep]], {filter: function(e) {console.log('hai'); return false;}}); «[creep Julia]